Pakistan has a semi-industrialized economy with a well-integrated agriculture sector. The country’s economy was the 23rd largest in the world in 2018 in terms of nominal Gross Domestic Product (purchasing power parity, PPP).
According to the Labour Force Survey of 2017-18 conducted by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, 39% of the country’s labor force is engaged in agriculture (30.2 percent of males and 8.8 percent females).
Out of the total area of 79.6 million hectares, 22.1 million hectares are cultivated; the rest of the territory is comprised of culturable waste, densely populated forests, and rangelands.
The cropped area constitutes 23.3 million hectares, while forests cover 4.6 million hectares of the total land.
The country has the world’s largest contiguous irrigation system with almost 80 percent of the cultivated area irrigated.
Pakistan is also amongst the world’s top ten producers of wheat, cotton, sugarcane, mango, dates, and kinnow oranges, and is ranked 10th in rice production.
Major crops (wheat, rice, cotton, and sugar cane) contribute around 4.9 percent, while minor crops contribute 2.1 percent to the country’s total GDP. In total, the agriculture sector contributes 18.5 percent to the country’s GDP.
The livestock sector contributes 11 percent to the country’s GDP (60.5 percent in the agriculture sector) and employs approximately 35 million people.
Fisheries and forestry sectors each contribute an estimated 0.4 percent to the GDP (2.1 percent in the agriculture sector).
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