PAKISTANI BALOCH
Bugti:
Durrag / Nothani / Khalpar / Masori / Mondrani
/ Notheri / Perozani / Raheja / Shambani.
Bugti (aka Bughti): An eastern Baloch
tribe located almost exclusively in Dera Bugti District of Sibi Division, Balochistan.
A few also live in Sibi District of Sibi Division and Barkhan District of Zhob
Division. The Bugti, along with the Marri, Dombki, and Jakrani, is known as the
“hill tribes” and have historically been more independent and warlike than the
rest of the Baloch. In the past, they raided their neighbors, including those
in Sindh and Punjab Provinces, and were the most troublesome Baloch tribes for
the British. Today the Marri and Bugti tribes lead the Baloch nationalist
movement, along with the Mengal Brahuis. As of 1951, there were approximately
31,000 Bugtis.
Buledi:
Gholo / Hajija / Jafuzai / Kahorkani / Kotachi
/ Lauli / Pitafi / Raite.
Buledi (aka Boledi, Bolidi, Buledhi,
Bulethi, Burdi): Originally located near the coasts of Iran and Pakistan, the
Buledi moved north and east into Kalat Division, Balochistan and northern
Sindh, near the Indus River, having been pushed out of Mekran by the Gichki
tribe. Some likely remained in Sistan of Balochistan Province, Iran, and Mekran
Division, Balochistan. Most sources list the Buledi as Brahuis. One source
lists them as a Rind clan. As of 1951, there were approximately 12,500 Buledis.
Buzdar:
Gulman / Namurdi.
Buzdar (aka Bozdar): Located in Dera
Ghazi Khan District, Punjab. The Buzdars are of Rind descent but have become
an independent tribe.
Chandia:
Chandia (aka Chandya): Located primarily
between the Indus River in Sindh and the Balochistan border where they have
reportedly assimilated with the local inhabitants. They also reside in Dera
Ismail Khan District of the North-West Frontier Province and Muzaffargarh
District, Punjab. They may have originally been a Leghari Baloch clan. Some
sources list them as Brahuis.
Dombki:
Baghdar / Bhand / Brahmani / Dinari / DirKhani
/ Fattwani / Gabol / Galatta / Galoi / Ghaziari / Gishkaun / Gurgel / Hara / Jekrani
/ Jumnani / Khosa / Lashari / Mirozai / Muhammandani / Shabkor / Singiani / Sohriani
/ Talani / Wazirani.
Dombki (aka Domki, Dumki): An eastern Baloch
tribe located primarily in the vicinity of Lahri in Bolan District of Nasirabad
Division, Balochistan, but also found in Sindh. The Dombkis are hill tribes,
and like the Marri and Bugti, carried out raids against their neighbors up to
the late 1800s. The Dombki, Marri, Bugti, and Jakrani tribes often feuded with
and raided one another, but sometimes allied against other tribes or the
British. Dombki is reputedly the storytellers of the Baloch and the recorders
of Baloch genealogy. As of 1951, there were approximately 14,000 Dombkis.
Drishak:
Drishak: Located primarily in the vicinity
of Asni in Dera Ghazi Khan District, Punjab. The plains tribes between the eastern border of Balochistan and the Indus River in Punjab and Sindh,
including the Drishaks, Gurchanis, Lunds, and Mazaris, suffered most from the
raids conducted by the hill tribes, the Bugtis, Dombkis, Jakranis, and Marris.
The plains tribes generally cooperated with the British who controlled Punjab
and Sindh from the mid-1800s to mid-1900s.
Gichki:
Dinarzai / Isazai.
Gichki (aka Ghichki): A western Baloch
tribe located primarily in Panjgur District of Mekran Division, Balochistan.
The Gichkis are not ethnically Baloch, likely originating in Punjab as Jatts or
Rajputs, but now speak Balochi and have become assimilated into the Baloch. The
Gichki likely also absorbed a number of smaller Baloch tribes in the Mekran
region. The Gichki reportedly entered Mekran around the end of the 17th century
and, though a small tribe, by inter-marrying and using other tribal militias,
soon became a powerful tribe in the area. In the late 1700s, the Brahui Khan of
Kalat seized control of the Mekran region but allowed the Gichki chiefs to
manage it as a state within the Khanate. In the late 1800s, the Nausherwanis,
who had entered western Balochistan from Iran and settled in Kharan District of
Kalat Division, expanded into Mekran, reducing Gichki power until the British
checked their advances. As of 1951, there were approximately 3,500 Gichkis.
Gurchani:
Chang / Durkani /Holawani / Hotwani / Jikskani
/ Jogiani / Khalilani /Lashari / Pitafi / Shaihakani / Suhrani.
Gurchani (aka Garshani, Gorchani,
Gurcshani): Located in the vicinity of Lalgarh, near Harrand in Dera Ghazi Khan
District, Punjab. They are reportedly originally descended from the Dodai, a
once important tribe that no longer exists. The Gurchani tribe has over time
absorbed elements of the Buledi, Lashari, and Rind Baloch. The plains tribes
between the eastern border of Balochistan and the Indus River in Punjab and
Sindh, including the Drishaks, Gurchanis, Lunds, and Mazaris, suffered most
from the raids conducted by the hill tribes, the Bugtis, Dombkis, Jakranis, and
Marris. The plains tribes generally cooperated with the British who controlled
Punjab and Sindh from the mid-1800s to mid-1900s.
Hot:
Singalu.
Hot (aka Hut): Located primarily in
central Mekran Division, Balochistan, but also found in the vicinity of Bampur
in Sistan of Balochistan, Iran. They are a significant tribe in both areas.
According to legend, they are one of the five original Baloch tribes, descended
from Jalal Khan, the others being the Jatoi, Kaheri, Lashari, and Rind tribes,
though others say they are the aboriginal inhabitants of the Mekran region and
are not ethnic Baloch.
Jamali:
Babar / Bhandani / Dhoshli / Manjhi / Mundrani
/ Pawar / Rehanwala / Sahriani / Shahaliani / Shahalzal / Taharani / Tingiani /
Waswani / Zanwrani.
Jamali: An eastern Baloch tribe located
primarily in northern Sindh, but also found in Nasirabad Division, Balochistan,
on the border between Balochistan and Sindh. As of the late 1800s, they were
reported to be a small, poor tribe of farmers and herders, numbering about
2,500. As of 1951, there were approximately 15,000 Jamalis.
Jatoi:
Jatoi (aka Jatui): A wide-ranging Baloch
tribe located in the following areas: Nasirabad Division, Balochistan; Dera
Ghazi Khan, Lahore and Muzaffargarh Districts, Punjab; Dera Ismail Khan,
North-West Frontier Province; and northern Sindh. According to one source, they
are no longer a coherent tribe but are spread among other Baloch tribes. According
to legend, they are one of the five original Baloch tribes, descended from
Jalal Khan, the others being the Hot, Kaheri, Lashari, and Rind tribes.
Kaheri:
Bulani / Moradani / Qalandrani / Tahirani.
Kaheri (aka Kahiri): A small, eastern Baloch
tribe located in Nasirabad Division, Balochistan. According to legend, they are
one of the five original Baloch tribes, descended from Jalal Khan, the others
being the Hot, Jatoi, Lashari, and Rind tribes.
Kasrani:
Kasrani (aka Kaisrani, Qaisarani,
Qaisrani): Located in the Sulaiman Range along the northwestern border of Dera
Ghazi Khan District, Punjab. The most northerly of their clans reside on the
border of Dera Ghazi Khan District, Punjab, and Dera Ismail Khan District,
North-West Frontier Province. They are reported to be originally descended from
the Rind tribe.
Khetran:
The Khetran tribe is not Baloch and so
is not included in the Baloch tree, but they are closely associated with the Baloch
and warrant some mention. Like the Gichki, they are thought to be of Punjabi
origin, but unlike the Gichki who have taken on the Balochi language, the
Khetran speak a Punjabi dialect Khetrani akin to Jatki. Some sources class the
Khetran among the Baloch hill tribes, as they formerly shared the same
propensity for raiding as the Bugtis, Dombkis, Jakranis, and Marris. The
Khetrans allied with the Bugtis against the Marris when conflicts arose, though
conflicts and alliances among hill tribes were short-lived. As of 1951, there
were approximately 19,500 Khetrans.
Khosa:
Balelani / Khilolani / Umrani.
Khosa (aka Kosah): An eastern Baloch
tribe located in Nasirabad Division, Balochistan, Dera Ghazi Khan District,
Punjab, and in the vicinity of Jacobabad in northern Sindh. Some sources list
them as a Rind clan, though one source claims they are of Hot descent. As of
1951, there were approximately 11,300 Khosas.
Lashari:
Alkai / Bhangrani / Chuk / Dinari / Goharamani
/ Gulllanzai / Mianzai / Sumrani / Muhammadani / SPachi / Tajani / Tawakalani /
Tumpani / Wasuwani.
Lashari (aka Chahi, Lashar, Lishari): An
eastern Baloch tribe located primarily in Balochistan, but also found in small
numbers in the vicinity of Bampur in Sistan of Balochistan, Iran. According to
legend, they are one of the five original Baloch tribes, descended from Jalal
Khan, the others being the Hot, Jatoi, Kaheri, and Rind tribes. The Rinds and
Lasharis, originally enemies, allied and conquered the indigenous populations
of modern Kalat, Nasirabad, and Sibi Divisions in the 16th century. As of 1951,
there were approximately 11,000 Lasharis.
Leghari:
Chandya / Haddiani / Haibatani / Kaloi /
Talpur.
Leghari (aka Lagaori, Lagari, Laghari):
Located primarily in Dera Ghazi Khan District, Punjab, but also found in
Barkhan District of Zhob Division, Balochistan and possibly in northern Sindh.
According to one source, the Leghari is a Rind Baloch clan.
Lund:
Ahmdani / Khosa / Lund / Rind.
Lund (aka Lundi): Located primarily in
Dera Ghazi Khan District, Punjab. The Lund is a large tribe divided into two sub-tribes,
one located at Sori and the other in Tibbi. The Sori Lunds are more numerous
than the Tibbi Lunds. The plains tribes between the eastern border of Balochistan
and the Indus River in Punjab and Sindh, including the Drishaks, Gurchanis,
Lunds and Mazaris suffered most from the raids conducted by the hill tribes,
the Bugtis, Dombkis, Jakranis, and Marris. The plains tribes generally
cooperated with the British who controlled Punjab and Sindh from the mid-1800s
to mid-1900s.
Magzi:
Ahmadani / Bhutani / Chandraman / Hasrani
/ Hisbani / Jaghirani / Jattak / Katyar / Khatohal / Khosa / Lashari / Marri / Mughemani
/ Mugheri / Nindani / Nisbani / Rahajs / Rawatani / Sakhani / Shambhani / Sobhani
/ Umrani.
Magzi (aka Magasi, Magassi, Maghzi,
Magsi): An eastern Baloch tribe located primarily in Jhal Magsi District of
Nasirabad Division, Balochistan. The Magzi were historically farmers but
occasionally committed raids against neighbors. They, along with the Rinds,
accepted the authority of the Brahui Khan of Kalat in the late 1700s. The
Magzis and Rinds, who border one another occasionally, feuded in the past. The
Magzis, though fewer in number, defeated the Rinds in 1830. As of 1951, there
were approximately 17,300 Magzis.
Marri:
Bijarani / Damani / Ghazni / Loharani / Mazarani
/ Miani.
Marri (aka Mari): An eastern Baloch
tribe located almost exclusively in Kohlu District of Sibi Division, Balochistan;
some also reside in northern Kalat and Nasirabad Divisions in the Bolan Pass
area. The Marris, along with the Bugtis, Dombkis, and Jakranis are known as the
“hill tribes” and have historically been more independent and warlike than the
rest of the Baloch. In the past, they raided their neighbors, including those in
Sindh and Punjab Provinces, and were the most troublesome Baloch tribes
according to the British. Today the Marri and Bugti tribes lead the Baloch
nationalist movement, along with the Mengal Brahuis. As of 1951, there were
approximately 38,700 Marris.
Mazari:
Balachani / Kurd.
Mazari: An eastern Baloch tribe located
primarily in the vicinity of Rojhan in southern Dera Ghazi Khan District,
Punjab, and between the Indus River and the border of Sibi Division of Balochistan
in northern Sindh. The plains tribes between the eastern border of Balochistan
and the Indus River in Punjab and Sindh, including the Drishaks, Gurchanis,
Lunds and Mazaris suffered most from the raids conducted by the hill tribes,
Bugtis, Dombkis, Jakranis, and Marris. The plains tribes generally cooperated
with the British who controlled Punjab and Sindh from the mid-1800s to mid-1900s. Prior to British rule, the Mazaris were known as “Pirates of the Indus”
because of attacks they conducted and fees they extorted from traders on the
river.
Nausherwani:
Nausherwani (aka Naosherwani, Nawshirvani): The Nausherwani tribe is not Baloch
and so is not included in the Baloch tree, but they are closely associated with
the Baloch and warrant some mention. Their origins are obscure, but they have
now fully merged with the Baloch. They primarily inhabit Kharan District of
Kalat Division, Balochistan and Sistan in Balochistan, Iran. The Nausherwanis,
who nominally fell under the authority of the Brahui Khan of Kalat, were the
most powerful tribe in the Kharan area as of the early 1900s. Around that time
the British checked their efforts to expand south into the Mekran region.
Rakhshani:
Rakhshani (aka Bakhshani, Rakshani,
Rekhshani): A western Baloch tribe located in Kharan District of Kalat Division
and Chagai District of Quetta Division, Balochistan and along the Helmand River
in southern Afghanistan. There are also Rakhshanis in eastern Balochistan,
Sindh, and Iran. Some list the Rakhshani as a Rind Baloch clan and others as a
Brahui tribe. The Rakhshanis of Kharan were loyal to the Brahui Khan of Kalat
and well-disposed toward the British as of the early 1900s. As of 1951, there
were approximately 35,000 Rakhshanis.
Rind:
Buzdar / Chandia / Gabol / Godri / Gulam
/ Bolak / Hot / Jamali / Jatoi / Khosa / Kuchik / Kuloi /Lashari / Leghari / Nakhezal
/Nuhani /Raheja / Rakhsani.
Rind: The Rind is a western Baloch
tribe. Their headquarters is reportedly in Shoran in Jhal Magsi District of
Nasirabad Division, but they are also located in Quetta and Mekran Divisions in
Balochistan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Muzaffargarh, and Multan Districts in Punjab, and
Dera Ismail Khan District in North-West Frontier Province. Many other Baloch
tribes claim to be Rinds or descended from Rinds. Many of those listed as Rinds
are now completely independent and have long-since moved away from the Rind
core. This could account for sources reporting such a wide geographic
distribution of the tribe. According to legend, the Rind tribe is one of the
five original Baloch tribes, descended from Jalal Khan, the others being the
Hot, Jatoi, Kaheri, and Lashari tribes. The Rinds and Lasharis, originally
enemies, allied and conquered the indigenous Brahui populations of modern
Kalat, Nasirabad, and Sibi Divisions in the 16th century. They, along with the
Magzis accepted the authority of the Brahui Khan of Kalat in the late 1700s.
The Magzis and Rinds, who border one another, occasionally feuded in the past.
The Magzis, though fewer in number, defeated the Rinds in 1830. As of 1951,
there were approximately 26,400 Rinds.
Umrani:
Balachani / Burian / Dilawarzai / Ghanhani
/ Jonghani / Malghani / Misriani / Nodkani / Paliani / Sethani / Sobhani / Tangiani.
Umrani: A small eastern Baloch tribe
located primarily in Nasirabad Division, Balochistan. Some may also live
between the Indus River and eastern border of Balochistan in Sindh. As of 1951,
there were approximately 2,400 Umranis.
AFGHAN BALOCH
The Baloch in Afghanistan, for the most part, have different names and groupings
from those in Balochistan and are not usually included in the Baloch tribal
lists provided by British sources from the 1800s and 1900s. The only Baloch
tribe that seems to inhabit territory on both sides of the border is the
Rakhshani. The Baloch in Afghanistan are mostly nomads living primarily in
Nimruz Province, along the banks of the Helmand River and on the western border
of Afghanistan between Kala-i-Fath and Chakhansur (Zaranj). Some sources place
them all along the southern border of Afghanistan in Nimruz, Helmand, and
Kandahar Provinces, with small pockets farther north in Farah, Badghis, and
Jowzjan Provinces. The following are the most commonly mentioned Baloch tribes
in Afghanistan.
Gorgeg:
Gorgeg (aka Gargeg, Ghurchij, Gorgaiz,
Gorget, Gurgech, Gurgeech, Gurgich): Located in southern Afghanistan along the
Helmand River. According to one source, the Gurgech (Gorgeg) is a section of
the Rakhshani Baloch.
Kashani:
Kashani: Located in southern Afghanistan
along the Helmand River.
Manasani:
Mamasani (aka Muhammad Hasani,
Muhumsani): Located in southern Afghanistan along the Helmand River and in
Farah Province. There are also some Mamasani located in Mekran Division, Balochistan,
Pakistan, but their relationship to one another is unclear.
Nahrui:
Nahrui: Located in southern Afghanistan.
Rakshani: Gurgech / Jianzai /Sarai / Usbakzai.
Rakhshani (aka Bakhshani, Rakshani,
Rekhshani): Located in southern Afghanistan. They are divided into the
following sections: Badini, Jamaldini, Gurgeh, Jianzai, Usbakzai, Saruni,
Betakzai, Sarai, and Kalagani.
Reki:
Reki (aka Rek, Rigi, Riki): According to
legend, the Reki remained behind in Persia (Iran) when the majority of the Baloch
tribes moved into Balochistan. Many still remain in Iran, but according to one
source, some live in central Balochistan, Pakistan, and southern Afghanistan.
Sanjarani:
Sanjarani (aka Sinjarani): Located in
southern Afghanistan in Nimruz and Helmand Provinces, along the Helmand Valley.
The Sanjarani Baloch claim to have originally come from Balochistan about 1800.
Some are also located in Iran.
IRANIAN BALOCH
The following are Baloch tribes in
Sistan in Balochistan Province, Iran:
Baranzai:
Baranzai: Located in Sistan in Balochistan,
Iran. They may be of Pashtun origin.
Damani: Yarmuhammadzai.
Damani: Located in Sistan in Balochistan, Iran. The Damani is divided into the
Gamshadzai and Yarmuhammadzai sections. Some may also be located in Balochistan,
Pakistan.
Garmshadzai: Arzezai / Jehangirzai / Kerramzai / Muhammadzai.
Hot:
Hot: Located in along the coast in
Sistan in Balochistan, Iran and also in Mekran Division, Balochistan, Pakistan.
As of 1923, they were reported to be the largest Baloch tribe living in Iran.
Many of them were nomadic.
Ismailzai:
Ismailzai: Located in Sistan in Balochistan,
Iran. Most are nomadic. The Reki tribe borders them to the east. They are noted
to be stricter in their religious observances than their neighbors.
Kurd:
Kurd (aka Kurt): The Kurds are thought
to be identifiable with the Kurds currently located in northwestern Iran,
northern Iraq, and southern Turkey. They were reportedly induced (presumably by
the Shah of Persia) to settle in Sarhad, Sistan in Balochistan, Iran in order
to keep the Baloch in check. However, they got along relatively well with the Baloch
and conducted raids against Persian as well as Baloch territory. While
acknowledging their Kurdish origins, they now refer to themselves as Baloch.
Lashari:
Lashari: The Lashari is a well-known Baloch
tribe in Balochistan, Pakistan, but some are nomadic and live in Iran around
Bampur in Sistan in Balochistan, Iran. The relationship between the Lashari in
Iran and Pakistan are unknown.
Nausherwani:
Nausherwani: Though not originally a Baloch
tribe, some sources list the Nausherwanis as such or as a Rind Baloch clan. The
Nausherwanis listed as Baloch lived in Sistan in Balochistan, Iran as of 2003.
They enjoyed close ties to the Nausherwanis in Balochistan, Pakistan.
Rais:
Rais: Located primarily along the
Iranian coast in Sistan in Balochistan, Iran. Some also live in Mekran Division
along the Pakistan coast in Balochistan.
Reki: Natuzai.
Reki (aka Rek, Rigi, Riki): As of the
late 1800s, the Reki were said to be numerous and scattered over southern Iran
and between Kuh-i-Taftan Mountain and the Helmand River. They were primarily
herders. Reki is also located in Afghanistan, but their relationship with the
Iranian Reki is unknown.
Taukhi: Gurgich / Jamaizai / Saruni.
Taukhi: Located in Sistan in Balochistan,
Iran. Many of the Baloch tribes in Iran hearken back to Taukhi origins. It is
unclear if Taukhi is a separate tribe or a hereditary group encompassing
several tribes.
